Saturday, May 23, 2020

Import Substitution Industrialization And The East Asian...

Essay Import Substitution Industrialization and the East Asian Model After the end of the World War II the world faced the challenges of economic and social recovery. The majority of developing countries based their economies on Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI), a state-oriented approach to a trade and economic policy. ISI supports the replacement of import with domestic production in order to reduce foreign dependency. This protectionist policy dominated in developing countries, especially in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, during the first 30 years after the World War II. By 1980s, when the main gains of ISI were exhausted and it demonstrated its inefficiency, the countries of East Asia adopted a new development strategy. Consequently, this new export-oriented and market-friendly strategy, the so-called East Asian model, has determined the successful economic and trade policy of East Asian countries during the next several decades. To understand the reasons of the shift from ISI to the East Asian model, it is necessary to carefully examine and contrast these two approaches and their supporting theories. The theoretical basis of ISI is represented by structuralism that justifies a state-concentrated development strategies. Structuralists base their theory on the premise that market of the developing countries does not work efficiently and, therefore, states have rights to promote and control manufacturing industries. The foundation of structuralists’Show MoreRelatedImport Substitution Industrialization And East Asian Model1354 Words   |  6 Pages Essay Import Substitution Industrialization and East Asian Model After the end of the World War II the world faced the challenges of economic and social recovery. The majority of developing countries based their economies on Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI), the state-oriented approach to a trade and economic policy. ISI supports the replacement of import with domestic production in order to reduce foreign dependency. This protectionist policy dominated in developing countries, especiallyRead MoreThe Growth And Rapid Growth Of East Asian Economies2202 Words   |  9 PagesThe resilience and rapid-growth of East Asian economies even in the face of rising protectionism in their major export markets and a global recession, has intrigued developmental specialists who see Latin America as a prime candidate for comparison. By becoming increasingly libertarian and by embracing neo-liberalism Latin American countries have sought to emulate the success of East Asian economies. Nevertheless they have found it difficult to maintain their previou s levels of growth, confrontingRead MoreGlobalization and Its Meaning Broadly Speaking, the Term ‘Globalization’ Means Integration of Economies and Societies Through Cross Country Flows of Information, Ideas, Technologies, Goods, Services, Capital,1074 Words   |  5 Pagesincreased integration, it took a long time to reach the Pre-World War I level. In terms of percentage of exports and imports to total output, the US could reach the pre-World War level of 11 per cent only around 1970. Most of the developing countries which gained Independence from the colonial rule in the immediate Post-World War II period followed an import substitution industrialization regime. The Soviet bloc countries were also shielded from the process of global economic integration. However,Read MoreThe Economic Progress Of Latin America2356 Words   |  10 Pageshandful of East Asian economies were able to achieve in three decades, from1960’s to the 1980’s sparked the curio sity of the world as to how such an astounding feat occurred. After the Second World War, countries from both East Asia and Latin America began to industrialize and competed vigorously in the world market, however it is worthy to note that Latin American had several advantages from the very beginning. These include higher per capita income, higher level of industrialization, higher savingRead MoreThe Development Of The East Asian Miracle2515 Words   |  11 Pagesof the most important arguments in the extant literature on the East Asian Miracle with particular reference to South Korea. In this section, I integrate the preceding two sections on the existing literature and propose an alternative theory. In brief sum, the existing developmental state literature, including that specific to South Korea, argues that the developmental state causes economic growth through export-led industrialization. I reverse the order of two links in that theoretical chain. SpecificallyRead MoreHow Tra de Policies Affect Economic Growth And Development3661 Words   |  15 Pagesgrowth and development has become a controversial topic. After World War 2, colonial areas that gained independence after the war believed they could reach higher income levels like their former colonizer only through rapid government controlled industrialization. Many developing countries adopted measures intended to reduce their independence on the export of primary goods (such as coffee, copper, and wheat). The justification for such policies came from a belief that demand of primary goods to manufacturesRead MoreFactors Of Economic Growth : Case Study Of South Korea3683 Words   |  15 Pageseconomic growth. Developing countries strive to foster effective strategies that will allow them to achieve economic growth. South Korea has been known as the model for economic growth. They transformed themselves from an underdeveloped country to one of the world’s most thriving economies. Many countries have tried to imitate the South Korean model as a means of having rapid growth. This paper will show, that a good base for economic gr owth can be formed through an export oriented led strategy, an improvementRead MoreEconomic Liberalisation in Zambia2633 Words   |  11 Pagesroughly two pent per year since 1965, and was a meagre $380 in the early 1990s (Thomas P Sheehy, 1992). Zambia had one of the world’s largest per capita recipients of foreign aid throughout the 1970s and much of the 1980s. Nationalization and Industrialization At independence, Zambia’s economy was mainly dependent on copper mining that accounted for 90 per cent of its export earnings (Republic of Zambia 1996). The leadership was committed to the promotion of economic development and restructuring theRead MoreOEM, ODM, OBM3016 Words   |  13 Pages 1- Introduction This essay is based on the work of Michael Hobday titled â€Å"East versus Southeast Asian Innovation Systems: Comparing OEM- and TNC-led Growth in Electronics†. Hobday’s paper analyses the triggers of innovation in both regions, within the electronics industry. He found that East Asian (EA) electronic industry developed mainly due to their domestic firms’ engagement in exports whereas Southeast Asian (SEA) companies developed primarily because of the Transnational CorporationsRead MorePhilippines Underdevelopment5539 Words   |  23 Pagesvery caring, and kind people. The country remains to be left behind by the other countries that happened to be in the same spot and condition long time ago. Economic growth has been a big problem to sustain at least partial progression. As the industrialization come into view, the country seek ways on how to get advantageous step towards achieving economic growth and the Philippine government was determined effort at globalizing the economy. The period 1990s saw the most intensive free-market restructuring

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

Leadership And Management Leadership - 835 Words

Leadership Verses Management The world is made up of leaders and managers. There are leaders and managers in every aspect of life. In many instances leadership and management are referred to as being the same. This paper will evaluate the differences between leadership and management. In today s organizations, leaders and managers are needed in order to operate successfully. Even though managers and leaders are different, they both have many similarities that will be discussed in this paper. Roles of Leadership and Management The leadership role is very important in any organization. Leaders are there to help influence individuals or groups in achieve the common goals of the organization. Leaders need to have a variety of characteristics to ensure that the job is done efficiently and effectively as possible. Leaders must be able to coach the people they are leading. They should also be confident in their abilities to lead. On the other hand managers are like a mirror of a leader. Managers focus on communicating rules, exercise executive, administrative and supervisory direction to the individual or group within the organization. Most managers don t have a personal relationship with the employees. They are there to maintain the task of the day to day operations. It s the manager job to be task-oriented whether than focusing on the people. Leaders need to be creative in order to keep the instance of the individual or group. It is important they know how toShow M oreRelatedLeadership And Management And Leadership1569 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership is about seeking constructive change and management is about establishing order (Northouse, 2015). Warren Bennis (1997) wrote in  Learning to Lead: A Workbook on Becoming a Leader  that â€Å"There is a profound difference between management and leadership, and both are important. To manage means to bring about, to accomplish, to have charge of or responsibility for, to conduct. Leading is influencing, guiding in a direction, course, action, opinion. The distinction is crucial.† (Leiding,Read MoreManagement And Leadership : Leadership1023 Words   |  5 PagesManagement and Leadership In Leadership, Leadership, Leadership Are We All Chanting the Wrong Mantra, the authors says, â€Å"Leadership is simply management of higher level things† (McCormack, 2009, p.1) and that the leader manages the vision, people’s perception and their own behavior (p.1). McCormack continues his analysis by saying, â€Å"There are times when leadership simply cannot take place† (p.2). McCormack appears to believe that organizations and universities should not teach, encourage or tolerateRead MoreLeadership And Management And Leadership1146 Words   |  5 Pages Leadership and Management Contrary to popular belief, the terms leadership and management are often thought of as hand in hand, but in retrospect they both have very strong different meanings and are not the same. There are some similar characteristics that can very much persuade some that they align in the same manner. They can be notably known as terms that are used interchangeably in the business world. â€Å"Management is a function that must be exercised in any business, whereas leadershipRead MoreLeadership And Management And Leadership1173 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership is a term that is often misunderstood and misinterpreted in the business world. In the world of CEOs, CFOs, vice-presidents and managers, it is important to distinguish the difference between what is considered management and what is considered leadership. While these two terms are not mutually exclusive, but it is imperative that they are not comprehended as mutually inclusive either. In this context, I will be comparing leadership and management as presented in the college textbookRead MoreLeadership And Management : Leadership1126 Words   |  5 PagesAs we know that, leadership is nothing. But the influencing flowers. Leadership includes three fundamental clusters of skills creating vision, garnering commitment to that vision, an managing progress toward the realization of that vision. powerful and effective leaders plays very vital role to reach the maximum production for any organization. This is why, Organizational renowned scholars have been studying of this very significant topic of leadership for literally hundreds of years. Because.Read MoreLeadership Vs. Management : Leadership And Management1550 Words   |  7 Pagesauthor of On Becoming a Leader: The Leadership Classic, is best known for, that addresses why there is a difference between Leadership versus Management (Murray, What is the Difference Between Management and Leadership?, 2009). Just like most people, I use â€Å"leadership† and â€Å"management† interchangeably because one feels that they are probably the same thing or embody the same characteristics. Further discussion will provide details on what leadership is, what management entails, and why they are differentRead MoreManagement Vs. Leadership : Management And Leadership1061 Words   |  5 PagesManagement vs. Leadership Introduction Presently many of us have learned that managers are primarily administrators who have learned to write business plans, utilize their resources and keep track of progress. We must learn that we are not limited by job title, and that means we can utilize our management skills in any position that we are in. We must also know that we can use our leadership skills in the same situations. On the other hand we have also learned that leaders are people who haveRead MoreLeadership Vs. Management : Leadership And Management1312 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership vs. Management Nowadays, it is impractical to think of an organization without an effective leader, as well as an active manager. The two are much in common as they are essential in the organizational hierarchy, and they are crucial elements in running any business enterprise. However, there are several differences between the two terms. Based on the definition, leadership means the power and ability of a person to motivate, influence, and enhance members to contribute towards the commonRead MoreLeadership Theory Of Leadership And Management1341 Words   |  6 PagesZohrab Mammadov Dr. Betty Rottmann Leadership Theory January 30, 2014 Leadership vs Management Introduction: Leadership - concept has multiple meanings. It can be used in various activity where means something concrete. In a control system, in management leadership possesses a special role. Management in market economy is a management for the purpose of achievement of the highest efficiency of the organization, satisfaction of consumers, receiving the maximum profit. Respectively, each organizationRead MoreLeadership and Management977 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership and management are two notions that are often used interchangeably. However, these words actually describe two different concepts. The following report will discuss the differences and examine the roles and responsibilities of leaders in creating and maintaining a healthy organizational culture. What is leadership, and what is the difference between leadership and management? • Leadership is setting a new direction or vision for a group that they follow, i.e. a leader is the spearhead

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Sections Free Essays

Section Four: Software to Support Assessment 1)In a 750-1,000 word essay, draft your proposal to utilize software to support assessment in the classroom as a part of your Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan (Benchmark Assessment), which is due in Module 7. Consider the following: a)In what ways can technology facilitate the ongoing effort to assess student learning? b)What is the difference between formative assessment and summative assessment and how can technology be used to facilitate both? c)What are the pros and cons of using technology to assess student learning? )Should a teacher only use technology to assess student learning? Why or why not? 2)Support your rationale from your required readings and from three to five peer-reviewed articles from the GCU eLibrary. 3)Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the GCU Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. We will write a custom essay sample on Sections: or any similar topic only for you Order Now An abstract is not required. 4)The instructor will provide commentary on your draft, which you will then use as a basis for revising this section. The revised section will then become part of the complete Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan (Benchmark Assessment), due in Module 7. Refer to the rubric portion of this resource (below) for grading criteria for this assignment. 5)The draft of this section is due by the end of Module 5. Section Five: Technology Ethics in the Classroom 1)Construct a 750-1,000 word essay drafting your proposal for the ethical uses of technology in the classroom as a part of your Comprehensive Classroom Technology Plan (Benchmark Assessment), which is due in Module 7. 2)Address the following issues in your essay: a)Discuss Internet security and how you would implement this in your classroom to protect the students from Internet predators and any inappropriate material. )Explain the way that you would create proper copyright and student use agreements that could be used in your classroom or in any K-12 classroom. c)Discuss three ethical practices of technology use that you would implement in your classroom and explain their importance in a K-12 classroom. 3)Use the GCU eLibrary to research a minimum of three to five peer-reviewed artic les that can be used in support of your content. 4)Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the GCU Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. How to cite Sections:, Papers

Saturday, May 2, 2020

Assessment of Green Tea Benefits for PICO Model- myassignmenthelp

Question: Write about the Assessment of Green Tea Benefits for PICO Model. Answer: Introduction Tea originated in China, over 4000 years ago. Tea was initially used in the form of medicine. Later on it became a widely used beverage during the Han dynasty. The medical benefits of green tea consumption include cancer prevention, antiarthritic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidative, neuroprotective properties. These health promoting effects are due to the presence of polyphenol (flavonols and flavanols). This essay aims to provide a critical analysis of the probable effectiveness of green tea in reducing cancer, when compared to black tea in young women. Search terms Evidence based practice methods or questions related to clinical research need to be relevant to topic of interest. It should be designed in a way to simplify the search for the solution. PICO model makes this an easier task (Boehm et al., 2016). PICO is a mnemonic for the essential aspects of a clinical question. It identifies the key concepts of the article and formulates different search strategies to address the question (Liamputtong, 2013). The PICO model is mentioned in Table 1. Table 1- Key words used in PICO model PICO MODEL KEY WORDS/ PHRASES/ SEARCH TERMS ALTERNATE WORDS (OR) P Population (young female) Females of the age group 18-40, young females, adult females. I Intervention (use of green tea) How to drink green tea, green tea consumption C Comparison (medical benefits of green tea and black tea) green tea and cancer, cancer and herbs O Outcome (Improvement of Effect) Green tea, black tea anticancer Information source Two kinds of literature sources are available for clinical research. A primary literature in refers to journal articles, which report an original project and are written by experts and commercially published. These articles are reviewed. Secondary literature, like textbooks and encyclopedias analyze and interpret the primary sources (Stretton, 2014). Appropriate utilization of sources is essential for clinical research. For information on the possible anticancerous and herbal effects of green tea, the Cochrne library and the DIACAN database were used. Cochrane Library is helpful for healthcare professionals in addressing effectiveness of disease outcomes (Kontopantelis, Springate Reeves, 2013). DIACAN is an Integrated Database for Antidiabetic and Anticancer Medicinal Plants. It collects and provides a platform for phytochemicals extracted from plants, having antidiabetic or anticancer activity. Presently, cancer is one of the major causes of mortality and affects more than one-thir d of the worlds population. Phytochemical effects of natural products in anticancer drug discovery are quite prominent (James et al., 2013). These two databases will help in understanding the direct potential anticancerous benefits of green tea and its effectiveness in the target population for the case study. Search process Credibility plays an important role in clinical research. Credible sources and databases can change opinion and attitudes. Critical evaluation of the information available is needed to conduct clinical research. Firstly, all key terms were searched individually under the Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database. No limiters were included. Therefore, several related articles were obtained. Boolean operators like AND, OR were applied to the database to narrow the search results to topics that contain only the required information. Firstly, the Boolean phrase OR was used (green tea OR black tea) in between the key words, which displayed in large numbers of evidences. To narrow down the search results, the search terms used later on were green tea AND cancer and green tea AND anticancer properties. This eliminated displaying of unwanted results. Therefore, limiters or filters were used to further refine obtained search results. It was done by filtering the search results to recent public ation dates (from 2008). After following these techniques to refine the search, numerous relevant articles were obtained. Thus, these specific and selective results enabled precise answering of the PICO model. The search process using the Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database is mentioned in Table 2. Table 2- Steps for narrowing search results ACTION SEARCH MODE RESULTS EXPANDERS/LIMITERS S1 Females of the age group 18-40 drinking tea OR young females drinking tea Searched all items 1068354 No limiters S2 green tea consumption OR health Searched all items 4054 No limiters S3 cancer AND herbs Searched all items 7 Limiters used S4 green tea OR black tea AND cancer Searched all items 4 Limiters used S5 S1 AND S2 AND S3 AND S4 Searched all items 3 Limiters used S6 S1 AND S2 AND S3 AND S4 Limiters used Published Date: 2008-2017 3 Limiters used Published Date: 2008-2017 (Source- Richardson?Tench et al., 2016) Best search result In this scenario, after utilizing the PICO model questions and limiting the search in the Cochrane library database, the evidence entitled Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for the prevention of cancer was found to be the best for the purpose of providing answers to the questions in the PICO model. This review was found in the Cochrane database of systematic reviews after searching the database with the limiters mentioned in the S6 hierarchy level. The review contains elaborate information on the anticancerous effects of catechin, an antioxidant found in polyphenol (the active ingredient of green tea). It used controlled interventional and observational studies to assess the link between incidence of cancer risk and consumption of green tea by several randomized trials (Boehm et al., 2009). The evidence was insufficient and conflicting to provide any information on the potential anticancerous benefits of green tea. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded that for any clinical trial or research, healthcare professionals or researchers need to develop and implement a plan according to the PICO question model. They should utilize the best of resources available by limiting their search results to relevant topics. Narrowing search results provide better credibility of sources in formulating the outcomes. References Boehm, K., Borrelli, F., Ernst, E., Habacher, G., Hung, S. K., Milazzo, S., Horneber, M. (2009). Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for the prevention of cancer.The Cochrane Library. Greenhalgh, T., Bidewell, J., Crisp, E., Lambros, A., Warland, J. (2016). Understanding Research Methods for Evidence-Based Practice in Health 1e. James, P., Mathai, V. A., Shajikumar, S., Pereppadan, P. A., Sudha, P., Keshavachandran, R., Nazeem, P. A. (2013). DIACAN: integrated database for antidiabetic and anticancer medicinal plants.Bioinformation,9(18), 941. Kontopantelis, E., Springate, D. A., Reeves, D. (2013). A re-analysis of the Cochrane Library data: the dangers of unobserved heterogeneity in meta-analyses.PloS one,8(7), e69930. Liamputtong, P. (2013).Research methods in health: foundations for evidence-based practice. Lodi, G., Franchini, R., Warnakulasuriya, S., Varoni, E. M., Sardella, A., Kerr, A. R., ... Worthington, H. V. (2016). Interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer.The Cochrane Library. Richardson?Tench, M., Taylor, B., Kermode, S., Roberts, K. (2016). Inquiry in health care.South Melbourne, Australia: Cengage Learning. Stretton, S. (2014). Systematic review on the primary and secondary reporting of the prevalence of ghostwriting in the medical literature.BMJ open,4(7), e004777.